Untersuchungen zur Diagnostik des Polyserositis-Komplexes beim Schwein

Investigations into the diagnosis of the polyserositis complex in
swine The aim of this study was to evaluate the PCR test results
from collective swab samples of serous membranes for genomic
fragments of H. parasuis and M. hyorhinis regarding their
associations and correlations with the pretreatment, clinical and
pathological findings as well as the detection of PRRSV EU strain
and PCV-2. For the classification of the method in reference to H.
parasuis the PCR results were compared with the results of the
bacteriological examination of the BALF. Furthermore the
association between PRRSV and PCV-2 as well as the correlations
between the weight of the animals and the detection of the agents,
the clinical score and the detection of the agents and between
PCV-2 and H. parasuis, M. hyorhinis as well as PRRSV EU strain were
determined. After the admission of the preliminary report, in which
particularly the state of treatment and vaccination regarding H.
parasuis was inquired, 143 pigs were clinically examined. The
results were evaluated on the basis of a score system. From 117
pigs under neuroleptanalgesia bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was
taken and examined bacteriologically for H. parasuis. The animals
were euthanized afterwards and subjected to a gross pathological
and histopathological examination. In the course of the necropsy
collective swabs of the serous membranes were taken from the
surfaces of pleura, pericard and peritoneum and analysed via PCR
for genomic fragments of H. parasuis and M. hyorhinis. Additionally
lung tissue samples were taken from 102 animals for the molecular
biological proof of genomic fragments and tissue samples from lungs
and lymph nodes were taken from 105 animals for in-situ
hybridisation. The results show that the detection of the H.
parasuis and M. hyorhinis in the PCR was not associated
significantly with a previous treatment. No significant relation
was found between the analysing methods, PCR from the collective
serosal swab and bacteriological examination of the BALF. The
detection of genomic fragments of H. parasuis showed a significant
association with the findings of the auscultation. Furthermore the
evidence of the agent in the PCR significantly correlated with the
presence of CNS symptoms. The evaluation of the state of nutrition
and the filling degree of the tarsal joints did not correlate
significantly with the PCR proof of H. parasuis. In contrast
significant relations were shown between the proof of genomic
fragments of M. hyorhinis and the occurence of kyphosis, the
findings of the auscultation and the evaluation of the state of
nutrition, but the proof of genomic fragments of M. hyorhinis did
not significantly correlate with the filling degree of the tarsal
joints as well as the presence of CNS symptoms. The results of the
pathological investigation showed a significant association of M.
hyorhinis with the diagnosis of a catarrhal-suppurative
bronchopneumonia as well as a significant association of both
agents with the diagnosis of a serositis without differenciation of
the site and for the singular diagnosis of a pleuritis and
pericarditis. The proof of M. hyorhinis and H. parasuis in the PCR
was not significantly associated with peritonitis and additionally
that of H. parasuis was not significantly associated with the
diagnosis of a catarrhal-suppurative bronchopneumonia. Significant
associations were calculated between the detection of the following
agents: H. parasuis and M. hyorhinis, H. parasuis and PRRSV EU
strain as well as M. hyorhinis and PRRSV EU strain. In contrast the
association between the detection of H. parasuis and PCV-2, M.
hyorhinis and PCV-2 as well as PRRSV EU strain and PCV-2 was not
significant. Furthermore associations were significant for the
weight of the animals and the proof of PCV-2 respectively PRRSV EU
strain, for the clinical score und the proof of H. parasuis
respectively PCV-2 as well as for PCV-2 und PRRSV EU strain. In
conclusion the sampling by collective dry swabs of the serous skins
and the following PCR examination for genomic fragments is a
meaningful method for the diagnosis of diseases, which are
accompanied by polyserositis. With this procedure the proof of the
agents can be carried out successfully in animals with clinical
signs as well as in animals which are already pretreated with
antibiotics. For H. parasuis and M. hyorhinis, both causal agents
of polyserositis, a significant association was calculated. Both
agents are capable of causing clinical signs and pathological
findings associated with polyserositis. The disease induced by H.
parasuis is called Glaesser´s disease, in reference to M. hyorhinis
as Mycoplasma Polyserositis. Due to the existing association of
both agents and the accompanied clinical and pathological signs it
is reasonable to use the term “Polyserositis Complex”.