Electric Vehicles on the Grid

Gudrun talks to Zaheer Ahamed about the influence of an
increasing number of Electric vehicles (EV) to the electrical
grid. Zaheer just finished the ENTECH Master's program. He
started it with his first year at the Karlsruhe Institute for
Technology (KIT) and continued in Uppsala University for the
second year.

Gudrun was part of the grading process of Zaheer's master thesis
"Estimating Balancing Capacities of Electric Vehicles on the
German and Swedish grids in 2030".

The rising awareness of pollution from transport is leading to
innovations within the transport sector. At the moment EVs are
the leading technology. With many countries Germany and Sweden
joined the so-called EV30@30 campaign, aiming for 30% of new
vehicles sales to be electric by 2030. These ambitions alongside
an ever increasing capacity of variable renewable energy sources
(RES) in our power systems, pose a concerning challenge for
Transmission systems operators (TSO) to maintain proper power
system operation. Imbalances between supply and demand are
undesirable in any electrical power system and with the rising
popularity of EVs and RES such events are only expected to
continue or increase.

Fortunately, with the recent development of Vehicle to grid (V2G)
concepts as well as extensive studies into the load-shifting
potential of EVs, EVs presents an interesting solution for power
system balancing distributed energy storage system. Zaheer's
study showed that EV are capable of balancing the grid for
approximately 60% of the time providing 55-60% of the total
balancing energy required. However, the operation also took heavy
toll on the EV’s battery performance as it could potentially
reduce its life to a 1/7th of its original lifetime.

References

Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1485 of 2 August 2017 on
establishing a guideline on electricity transmission system
operation, 2017.

S. Weitemeyer e.a.: Integration of Renewable Energy Sources
in future power systems: The role of storage. Renewable Energy,
75 pp.14-20, 2015.

D.M.Greenwood e.a.: Frequency response services designed for
energy storage. Applied Energy, 203 pp.115-127, 2017.

Eurostat Database

J. Schäuble e.a.: Generating electric vehicle load profiles
from empirical data of three EV fleets in Southwest Germany.
Journal of Cleaner Production, 150 pp.253-266, 2017.



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