Energetic materials based on isocyanuric acid and 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives

The synthesis and properties of explosive urea and triazine
derivatives is investigated on behalf of the explosive parameters
and the full characterization of the molecules. (Chapter I-III) The
class of oxadiazole derivatives is enhanced from the known
explosive 1,2,5 oxadiazole (furazane) derivatives to the 1,2,4
oxadiazole derivatives. This molecule class is thoroughly
investigated by all terms of chemical and explosive material matter
and especially the 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-one derivatives are compared
to the corresponding tetrazole derivatives which were by far the
most investigated molecule moiety of Prof. Dr. T.M. Klapoetke et
al. for more than the last ten years. The 1,2,4 oxadiazol-5-one
derivatives do only value as comparable model molecule to the
tetrazole but were found to be good explosives themselves. So the
triaminoguanidinium 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-onate is suitable as low
temperature propellant, the potassium and cesium
1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-onate are found to be good additions for
NIR-flares and last but not least the best performing molecule was
found to be the 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-oxadiazolium 5-aminotetrazolate,
which combines the stability of the oxadiazole moiety with the very
exothermic properties of a tetrazole in its best way. (Chapter
IV-V) The 3-amino-1,2,4(4H)-oxadiazol-5-one is investigated
thoroughly and detected to be a chemically and thermodynamically
more stable system which can be functionalized according to methods
known prior in the working group. The
3-dinitromethyl-1,2,4(4H)-oxadiazol-5-one is found a promising
explosive class which can be combined as anion with a wide range of
cations to tailor the stability and performance. The overall
conclusion is that the 1,2,4-oxadiazole are chemical suitable as
well as secondary explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics.