Cancer Therapy with Metronomically Scheduled Cyclophosphamide: Experimental Modalities within GDEPT and Tumor Escape Mechanisms

CPA is an anticancer drug that can be applied in conventional tumor
therapy, in combination with gene transfer and in antiangiogenic
approaches with low dose metronomically scheduled regimes. In the
context of metronomic CPA therapy, acrolein was shown to exhibit
antiangiogenic effects and therapeutic contribution has to be
reconsidered. Despite improved treatment regimes, drug resistance
will be still an obstacle in chemotherapeutic regimes due to
different escape mechanisms; progress in the development of new
strategies might be achieved by suitable in vitro models such as
the agarose overlay system or agarose wrapped microspheroids.