#62 | Fair-minded Critical Thinking: An essential Framework to Truth Discovery & Self Actualization + How to break out of egocentric & sociocentric Thinking | Dr. Linda Elder

My guest today is Dr. Linda Elder. An educational psychologist
and a prominent authority on critical thinking, she is President
of the Foundation for Critical Thinking and Executive Director of
the Center for Critical Thinking, the longest running institution
on critical thinking in the world. Founded more than 40 years
ago, it advances the highest level of scholarship in critical
thinking, and is one of the rare few independent think tanks of
scholars fostering critical thinking internationally. She is also
the author of multiple books about Critical Thinking. Her goal:
To advance fairminded critical thinking in society, at work, and
in all domains of human life.


Quote: "Critical thinking is essential if we are to get to the
root of our problems and develop reasonable solutions. After all,
the quality of everything we do is determined by the quality of
our thinking."


In this conversation Dr. Elder introduces us to Critical
Thinking as an essential framework to Self-actualization and
truth discovery! - What 'Critical Thinking' means
& its criteria
- Its origins and why it is relevant for each single one
- Why everybody has the capacity to Critical Thinking and
Fairmindedness
- Why all thinking is logical but mostly not fair-minded
- How to learn Critical Thinking
- The state of our society


The Elements of Reasoning: The 8 basic
structures that are always present. All
reasoning - has a PURPOSE.
- is an attempt to figure something out, to settle some QUESTION,
to solve some PROBLEM.
- is based on ASSUMPTIONS
- is done from some POINT OF VIEW.
- is based on DATA, INFORMATION, and EVIDENCE.
- is expressed through, and shaped by, CONCEPTS and
THEORIES.
- contains INFERENCES or INTERPRETATIONS by which we draw
- leads somewhere or has IMPLICATIONS and CONSEQUENCES.


The Intellectual Standards: The attributes
to assess the quality of our thinking
- Clarity, Accuracy, Precision, Relevance, Depth, Breadth,
Logicalness, Significance, Fairness, Completedness


The Intellectual Virtues: The ethical
traits to orientate oneself towards truth & fairmindedness
- Intellectual Humility, Intellectual
Courage, Intellectual Empathy, Intellectual Autonomy,
Intellectual Integrity, Intellectual Perseverance, Confidence In
Reason, Fairmindedness


The Barriers to Critical Thinking:
To break out of egocentric & sociocentric thinking and
develop rational reasoning
- Why the human mind is intrinsically irrational but appears to
be rational
- Conscious and unconscious processes in the mind
- Irrational human lenses & biases


About Dr. Linda Elder & the Foundation for Critical
Thinking:
http://criticalthinking.org/
https://community.criticalthinking.org/
https://www.youtube.com/user/CriticalThinkingOrg


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